BURNING ISSUES

Today could be written in history as a turning point in the climate change crisis. The world’s leading authority on climate change will release a landmark report which warns that fire, floods, and extreme weather are just a hint of what’s to come in what has been called “an imminent and dire risk” to the global climate, The Guardian reports. Findings will be a key document for global leaders when they meet in November to determine the future of the planet.

The report is the culmination of a five-year assessment from 234 leading scientists from more than 60 countries, The Conversation says. Scientists have rigorously evaluated more than 14,000 of the world’s climate change research papers to complete the stark picture. Today’s report will likely detail significant changes to the world’s oceans, ice caps, and land in the coming decades, the BBC reports.

It was produced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and comes just three months before talks at the UN Climate Change Conference, which will help shape climate policy worldwide, as Reuters reports. The IPCC’s periodic reports have never before held the gravity that this one has, released as a time where we could be approaching a point of no return. Michael Mann, distinguished professor of atmospheric science at Pennsylvania State University, told The Guardian this would be the last IPCC assessment that can make a real difference in policy terms — before we exceed 1.5 degree of warming.

https://edm.privatemedia.com.au/webmail/272522/1026061936/a797bd4abcaa465c340eae03753a9fbbf98d44c9ac88bf650dec9b8926ca2778
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Glad I’ll soon be leaving the planet and no longer need to answer difficult questions from the generation we’re leaving this mess to .

"Think Climate Change a Delusion?"

No climate has always changed.

The new report from the IPCC regurgitates old stuff that wasn't ever "in date".

It is being used to promote the "new, improved" CMIP6 models which portray temperatures that are too warm - even warmer than the CMIP5 models which ran too warm.

Poor old Michael E Mann. The author of the Tiljander graph (it was upside down - oops)

And of course the infamous "hockey stick". In Academia that was worth being raised to "Distinguished professor". ;D ;D ;D ;D


Ayn Marx wrote on Aug 9^th, 2021 at 10:31am:

Glad I’ll soon be leaving the planet and no longer need to answer difficult questions from the generation we’re leaving this mess to .

You mean like how come it didn't turn out anything but beneficial? Yeah that would be hard to reconcile.

But we know with you feelings trump science. ;)

In 2004, the term "climate change" was introduced by GW Bush's re-election committee, because it sounded less threatening than what it actually is: GLOBAL WARMING. Less threatening, they said it, not me. At the same time, the President was advised not tell the electorate what he wanted them to believe, but what they wanted to believe. You have forgive people for being cynical about politicians.

Ayn Marx wrote on Aug 9^th, 2021 at 10:31am:

Michael Mann, distinguished professor of atmospheric science at Pennsylvania State University, told The Guardian this would be the last IPCC assessment that can make a real difference in policy terms — before we exceed 1.5 degree of warming.

He really means it this time. He was only joshing when he previously said it twice in 2015 and then 2020.

Hears a question for denialists. How much crap can we pump into the sky before it has an effect on climate?

issuevoter wrote on Aug 10^th, 2021 at 1:35pm:

Hears a question for denialists. How much crap can we pump into the sky before it has an effect on climate?

They’ll probably tell you it just makes pretty sunsets.

issuevoter wrote on Aug 10^th, 2021 at 1:35pm:

Hears a question for denialists. How much crap can we pump into the sky before it has an effect on climate?

Here is a question for alarmists. If pumping crap into the sky is such an issue why are you so anti-nuclear?

Belgarion wrote on Aug 10^th, 2021 at 1:54pm:

issuevoter wrote on Aug 10th, 2021 at 1:35pm: Hears a question for denialists. How much crap can we pump into the sky before it has an effect on climate? Here is a question for alarmists. If pumping crap into the sky is such an issue why are you so anti-nuclear?

Three-mile Island, Chernobyl, Fukushima, Windscale, etc. etc.


Quote:

Belgium Ambox current red Asia Australia.svg This section needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (July 2021) This list is incomplete but there are no known fatalities in Belgium. See the Laka Foundation's list of recent nuclear and radiological incidents in Belgium from which this table is (partially derived). [11] Nuclear power accidents in Belgium[11] Date      Location      Description      Fatalities      Cost (in millions 2006 US$)      INES rating 2002      Tihange, Belgium      "Safety injection during hot shutdown at Tihange 2 unit".[12][13]      0            2 2005      Tihange, Belgium      "Inadequate protection relays and related setpoints".[14][11]      0            2 2006      Fleurus, Belgium      "Severe health effects for a worker at a commercial irradiation facility as a result of high doses of radiation" at Sterigenics. [15]      0            4 2008      Fleurus, Belgium      Iodine-131 release in the environment.[16]      0            3 2011      Doel, Belgium      "Inadequate setting of the auxiliary feedwater turbopump".[17]      0            2 Canada Nuclear power accidents in Canada[18][19] Date      Location      Description      Fatalities      Cost (in millions 2006 US$)      INES rating December 12, 1952      CRL, Ontario, Canada      The NRX accident. A hydrogen explosion occurred in the reactor core due to a cascade of malfunctions and operator errors. The world's first major nuclear reactor accident.[20]      0      See NRX accident      5[21][22] May 24, 1958      CRL, Ontario, Canada      The NRU accident. A fuel rod caught fire and broke when removed, then dispersed fission products and alpha-emitting particles in the reactor building.      0      See NRU accident.       November 1978      WR-1 Reactor at Pinawa, Manitoba, Canada      LOCA loss of coolant accident. 2,739 litres of coolant oil leaked, most of it into the Winnipeg River. The repair took several weeks for workers to complete.[23]      0      Unknown       August 1, 1983      Pickering nuclear Reactor 2, Pickering, Ontario, Canada      LOCA loss of coolant accident. Pressure tube, that holds the fuel bundles, ruptured due to hydriding. All four reactors re-tubed with new materials (Zr-2.5%Nb) over ten years.[24]      0      1 billion Canadian dollars (1983-1993).[25]       March 1986      Bruce nuclear Reactor 2, Bruce County, Ontario, Canada      LOCA Loss of coolant accident. Pressure tube rupture during pressurizing test (reactor shut down). Pressure tube holds the fuel bundles.[26]      0      Unknown       August 2, 1992      Pickering nuclear Reactor 1, Pickering, Ontario, Canada      A Heavy water leak of 2300 trillion becquerels of radioactive tritium into Lake Ontario, resulting in increased levels of tritium in Toronto drinking water .[27]      0      Unknown.       December 10, 1994      Pickering nuclear Reactor 2, Pickering, Ontario, Canada      LOCA loss of coolant accident. A spill of 185 tonnes of heavy water. The Emergency Core Cooling System was used to prevent a meltdown.[28]      0      Unknown.      2[29] June 11, 2002      Bruce nuclear Reactor 6, Bruce B station. Bruce County, Ontario, Canada      Pressure tube and calandria tube damage during a channel maintenance procedure, required replacement of the two tubes.[26]      0      Unknown      0[29] December 21, 2009      Darlington nuclear station. Clarington, Ontario, Canada      Around 200,000 litres of water with trace amounts of radioactive isotope tritium coming from a storage tank mistakenly were released by workers into Lake Ontario, representing 0.1% of the monthly allowed amounts of tritium for this power plant.[30][31]      0      Unknown.       March 14, 2011      Pickering nuclear Plant A Pickering, Ontario, Canada      A leak of 73 cubic metres (73,000 litres) of demineralized water into Lake Ontario from a failed pump seal. There was negligible risk to the public according to the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission.[32][33]      0      Unknown.       France Nuclear power accidents in France[7][34] Date      Location      Description      Fatalities      Cost (in millions 2006 US$)      INES rating 17 Oct 1969      Loir-et-Cher, France      50 kg of uranium dioxide melted inside of the A1 nuclear reactor of Saint-Laurent-des-Eaux, during a refueling operation      0      Unknown (likely far less than the 13 Mar 1980 accident)      4 25 Jul 1979      Saclay, France      Radioactive fluids escaped into drains designed for ordinary wastes, seeping into the local watershed at the Saclay BL3 Reactor      0      5       13 Mar 1980      Loir-et-Cher, France      A malfunctioning cooling system fused fuel elements together at the Saint Laurent A2 reactor, melting two fuel assemblys and forcing an extended shutdown      0      22      4 14 Apr 1984      Bugey, France      Electrical cables failed at the command center of the Bugey Nuclear Power Plant and forced a complete shutdown of one reactor      0      2       21 May 1986      Normandy, France      Pipe maintenance at the fuel reprocessing plant at La Hague released a radioactive solution to which three welders and two plant workers were exposed.[35]      0      5       27 Dec 1999      Blayais, France      An unexpectedly strong storm flooded the Blayais Nuclear Power Plant, forcing an emergency shutdown after injection pumps and containment safety systems failed from water damage      0      55      2 21 Jan 2002      Manche, France      Control systems and safety valves failed ... etc. etc,

... wait, there's a whole lot more:


Quote:

16 May 2004      Cattenom-2, Lorraine, France      Sub-standard electrical cable trays at the Cattenom-2 nuclear reactor caused a fire in an electricity tunnel, damaging many safety system cables [36]      0      12      1 13 Jul 2008      Tricastin, France      Dozens of litres (thirty cubic meters[37]) of wastewater contaminated with uranium were accidentally poured on the ground and runoff into a nearby river      0      7      1 9 Aug 2009      Gravelines, France      Assembly system failed to properly eject spent fuel rods from the Gravelines Nuclear Power Plant, causing the fuel rods to jam and the defueling operation to be suspended      0      2      1 5 Apr 2012      Penly, France      Fire on a primary pump of the second reactor, followed by a small radioactive leak into the containment      0      ?      1 2017      France, generic      20 reactors of the 1300 MW-class with seismic weaknesses on their emergency diesel generators      0      ?      2 Germany Nuclear power accidents in Germany[7][34] Date      Location      Description      Fatalities      Cost (in millions 2006 US$ million)      INES 1975      Greifswald, East Germany      A near core meltdown at Greifswald Nuclear Power Plant: Three out of six cooling water pumps were switched off for a failed test. A fourth pump broke down by loss of electric power and control of the reactor was lost. 10 fuel elements were slightly damaged before recovery      0      ?      3 4 May 1986      Hamm-Uentrop, Germany      Operator actions to dislodge damaged fuel elements at the Thorium high-temperature reactor released radioactivity to 4 km2 surrounding the facility      0      267      ? 17 Dec 1987      Hessen, Germany      Stop valve failed for a moment at Biblis Nuclear Power Plant; contamination of local area in the reactor building      0      13       India Nuclear power accidents in India[7][34] Date      Location      Description      Fatalities      Cost (in millions 2006 US$) 4 May 1987      Kalpakkam, India      Fast Breeder Test Reactor at Kalpakkam refuelling accident that ruptures the reactor core, resulting in a two-year shutdown      0 direct and 6 indirect      300 10 Sep 1989      Tarapur, Maharashtra, India      Operators at the Tarapur Atomic Power Station find that the reactor had been leaking radioactive iodine at more than 700 times normal levels. Repairs to the reactor take more than a year      0      78 13 May 1992      Tarapur, Maharashtra, India      A malfunctioning tube causes the Tarapur Atomic Power Station to release 12 curies of radioactivity      0      2 31 Mar 1993      Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh, India      The Narora Atomic Power Station suffers a fire at two of its steam turbine blades, damaging the heavy water reactor and almost leading to a meltdown      0      220 2 Feb 1995      Kota, Rajasthan, India      The Rajasthan Atomic Power Station leaks radioactive helium and heavy water into the Rana Pratap Sagar River, necessitating a two-year shutdown for repairs      N/A      280 22 Oct 2002      Kalpakkam, India      Almost 100 kg radioactive sodium at the fast breeder reactor leaks into a purification cabin, ruining a number of valves and operating systems      0      30 Japan See also: Timeline of the Fukushima nuclear accidents and Nuclear power in Japan Nuclear power accidents in Japan Date      Location      Description      Fatalities      Cost (in millions 2006 US$)      INES rating 8 Jan 1975      Mihama, Japan      Radioactivity released from Mihama nuclear power plant.[38]      0             2 Nov 1978      Fukushima No I, Japan      Japan's first criticality accident at No 3 reactor, this accident was hidden for 29 years and reported on 22 Mar 2007      0             2 Apr 1979      Tokaimura, Japan      Two workers suffer radioactive contamination at the Tokaimura complex.[38]      0             24–28 Jan 1981      Tsuruga, Japan      29 workers were exposed to radiation.[39]      0             8 Mar 1981      Tsuruga, Japan      56 workers were exposed to about 45 tonnes of radioactive waste which spilled from storage tanks at the Tsuruga Nuclear Power Plant. The waste was cleaned up with buckets and mops,[40][41] and was also discharged into Tsuruga Bay via the town sewer.[39] At the time, the plant had recorded 30 malfunctions since it was commissioned in 1970.[42]      0             31 Aug 1985      Fukushima, Japan      Fire at Fukushima nuclear power plant during routine shutdown.[38]      0             23 Jun 1986      Tokaimura, Japan      Twelve people suffer "slight" plutonium contamination while inspecting a storeroom.[38]      0             8 Feb 1991      Fukui, Japan      Radioactivity was released from Mihama nuclear power plant after an emergency release valve failed.[38] Officials said the release "did not pose a threat to humans or the environment."[43]      0             22 Feb 1993      Fukushima, Japan      High-pressure steam accident kills one worker and injures two others.[38]      1             December 1995      Tsuruga, Japan      The fast breeder Monju Nuclear Power Plant sodium leak.[40] State-run operator Donen was found to have concealed videotape footage that showed extensive damage to the reactor.[44]      0             11 March 1997      Tokaimura, Japan      The Tokaimura nuclear reprocessing plant fire and explosion. 37 workers were exposed to low doses of radiation. Donen later acknowledged it had initially suppressed information about the fire.[40][44]      0             18 Jun 1999      Shika, Japan      Wrong handling of some control rods set off an uncontrolled nuclear reaction.[40]      0            2 30 Sept 1999      Tokaimura, Japan      The criticality accident at the Tokai fuel fabrication facility.[40] Hundreds of people were exposed to radiation and two workers later died. This is not a nuclear power plant accident, however.[44]      2            4 2002      Onagawa, Japan      Two workers were exposed to a small amount of radiation and suffered minor burns during a fire.[44]      0             ...

... there's even more:


Quote:

9 Aug 2004      Mihama, Japan      A main piping burst in the turbine building of the Mihama-3 station and killed persons present there; the subsequent investigation revealed a serious lack in systematic inspection in Japanese nuclear plants, which led to a massive inspection program.[45]      5            1 2006      Fukushima No1, Japan      A small amount of radioactive steam was released at the Fukushima Dai-ichi plant and it escaped the compound.[44]      0             16 Jul 2007      Kashiwazaki, Japan      A severe earthquake (measuring 6.8 on the Richter magnitude scale) hit the region where Tokyo Electric's Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant is located and radioactive water spilled into the Sea of Japan; as of March 2009, all of the reactors remained shut down for damage verification and repairs. The plant with seven units is the largest single nuclear power station in the world, which now again is shut down due to the Fukushima accident.[45]      0            1 Dec 2009      Hamaoka, Japan      Leakage accident of radioactive water. 34 workers were exposed to radiation      0             Mar 2011      Fukushima Dai-ichi, Japan      The world's second INES 7 accident. A magnitude 9.0 earthquake and associated tsunami triggered cooling problems at Fukushima 1 & 2 stations with several reactors. Loss of coolant resulted in meltdowns in three units and hydrogen explosions caused their structural damage. Radioactive steam was released into the atmosphere, and highly radioactive water spilled into the ocean through utility trenches. Some immediate injuries resulted. 117 workers received committed effective doses above 100 mSv, and 6 workers received doses above the emergency dose limit of 250 mSv.[46]      2+;[47] further near 573 died from indirect causes[48]      1,200 - 2,100      7 6 June 2017      Ibaraki Prefecture      The incident occurred at the Japan Atomic Energy Agency's Oarai Research and Development Center, after a bag containing radioactive material tore open while a check on radioactive storage inside a "controlled" room was performed. It resulted in internal radiation exposure in five workers, with one of them inhaling plutonium. However, no radiation was detected in the external environment.[49][50]      0             Pakistan Nuclear power accidents in Pakistan[51] Date      Location      Description      Fatalities      Cost (in millions 2006 US$) 18 October 2011      Karachi, Pakistan      The KANUPP Karachi nuclear power plant imposed a seven-hour emergency after heavy water leaked from a feeder pipe to the reactor. The leakage took place during a routine maintenance shut down, and the emergency was lifted seven hours later, after the affected area was isolated.[51]      0      N/A Russia Nuclear power accidents in the Russian Federation Date      Location      Description      Fatalities      Cost (in millions 2006 US$)      INES 1957      Mayak reprocessing plant, Ural-region      Kyshtym disaster: Explosion in a waste tank of the plant with a massive radioactive cloud, deteriorating deeply the health of the region's population      The accident caused nearly 200 late cancer fatalities[52]      ?      6 1975      Leningrad, Soviet union      Reactor 1 of the Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant suffered a core damage which released radioactivity.      0      ?      4 1992      Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation      An RBMK reactor of the Leningrad NPP released radioactivity which traveled over north-eastern Europe. Russian officials declared that they saw no immediate danger posed by the event.[53]      0      ?      2 1997      Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation      Worker Sergei Kharitonov revealed photographs of cracked walls and groundwater seepage at a nuclear power plant waste storage facility. He also revealed that the plant has been dumping 300 litres of contaminated water into the Gulf of Finland annually "for years".[53]      0      N/A       April 1998      Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation      An RBMK reactor was shut down following the discovery of a radiation leak.[53]                   Autumn 2017      Ural-region, Russian Federation      Roshydromet had issued report stated rise in beta activity of aerosoles and surfaces at all monitoring posts in South Ural from 25th Sep to 1 Oct 2017. In two aerosol samples Ru-106 activity increase was detected. At 26th and 27th Sep Ru-106 decay products was detected in Tatarstan republic. At 27th and 28th Sep high pollution levels of aerosoles and surfaces was detected in Volgograd and Rostov-on-Don. In two aerosol samples from Chelyabinsk Oblast 986- and 440-fold activity increase was measured comparing to preceding month[54] The Mayak nuclear plant is widely suspected as the source of the radiation.[55]                   August 2019      Arkhangelsk region      On August 9, 2019 an explosion triggered radiation levels to rise near Nyonoksa, which was later confirmed by Russia's nuclear energy agency as an accident while testing an isotope power source for a liquid-fuelled rocket engine. Five nuclear scientists had died and three suffered from burns. Russian authorities ordered the evacuation of the village nearing the blast site, suggesting grave dangers due to nuclear radiation.[56]      5             South Korea Nuclear power accidents in South Korea[57] Date      Location      Description      Fatalities      Cost (in millions 2006 US$) 4 October 1999      Wolsung, South Korea      22 workers employed by the Korea Electric Power Corp were exposed to radioactive liquid and gas at the Wolsung-3 reactor. Two workers were initially exposed when approximately 12 gallons of heavy water leaked during pipe maintenance. A further 20 workers were exposed during clean-up operations.[57]            ...

Yes darlings, there's even more:


Quote:

Switzerland Nuclear power accidents in Switzerland Date      Location      Description      Fatalities      Cost      INES January 1969      Lucens, Switzerland      Melting of a fuel element of the protoptype power reactor (6 Megawatts el.) VAK Lucens      0      ?      4 Taiwan Nuclear power accidents in Taiwan Date      Location      Description      Fatalities      Cost      INES March 2001      Maanshan, South Taiwan      2-hour-Station Blackout in one of the two units of Maanshan Nuclear Power Plant due to a grounding fault (Common cause failure) to the two available emergency diesel buses      0      ?      3 Ukraine Nuclear power accidents in Ukraine[7][34] Date      Location      Description      Fatalities      Cost (in millions 2006 US$)      INES 26 Apr 1986      Pripyat, Ukraine, USSR      Steam explosion and meltdown (see Chernobyl disaster) necessitating the evacuation of 100,000 people from the region and dispersing radioactive material across Europe (see Effects of the Chernobyl disaster)      Around 50 directly (radiation sickness), eventually as many as 4000 (mainly cancers)[58]      6700      7 October 1999      Pripyat, Ukraine      Metal structures broke, causing a gamma ray source to fall out of its container and expose two workers to "high" levels of radiation. The reactor was subsequently shut down until November.[53]                   United Kingdom Nuclear accidents in the UK[7][34] Date      Location      Description      Victims      Cost (in millions 2006 US$)      INES rating Spring, 1957      Windscale (now Sellafield), UK      Radioactivity release from a military reactor contaminated about 800 farms and introduced strontium 90 to domestic milk supply. Milk was sold to the public without any warnings.[59]                   8 Oct 1957      Windscale/Sellafield, UK      Fire ignited plutonium piles of a military reactor, contaminating surrounding dairy farms with radioactive releases of mainly iodine and in lesser amounts cesium and strontium.[59][60]      The two accidents of 1957 caused around 240 cancers[61]      78      5 May 1967      Scotland, United Kingdom      Melting of fuel element at Dumfries and Galloway. Graphite debris partially blocked a fuel channel causing a fuel element to melt and catch fire at the Chapelcross nuclear power station. Contamination was confined to the reactor core. The core was repaired and restarted in 1969, operating until the plant's shutdown in 2004.[62][63]                   May 1977      Dounreay, Scotland, UK      A hydrogen explosion at the plant caused by a reaction of potassium and sodium. This furthermore resulted in a concrete slab being destroyed, and the debris being scattered around the facility.[64]                   Sep 1996      Dounreay, Scotland, UK      A fuel reprocessing plant was shut down after elevated radiation levels were detected in waste-water discharged to the sea.[65]                   Feb 1998      Sellafield, UK      Two workers exposed to radiation due to a leak from a damaged bag containing a nuclear filter.[66]                   19 Apr 2005      Sellafield, UK      20 tonnes uranium and 160 kg plutonium leak from a cracked pipe at the THORP nuclear fuel reprocessing plant      0      65      3[67] July until November and further on 2019/2020      Sellafield, UK      Loss of radioactive liquid into the ground from a waste silo which contains cladding materials from the closed old Magnox reactors. Thereby, limits are surpassed. Cleanup-measures are on the way.[68]      0      ?      2 United States Main article: Nuclear reactor accidents in the United States Nuclear power accidents in USA Date      Location      Description      Fatalities      Cost (in millions 2006 US$)      INES November 29, 1955      Idaho Falls, Idaho, USA      Power excursion with partial core meltdown at National Reactor Testing Station's EBR-1 Experimental Breeder Reactor I      0      5       July 26, 1959      Simi Valley, California, USA      Partial core meltdown at Santa Susana Field Laboratory’s Sodium Reactor Experiment      0      32       January 3, 1961      Idaho Falls, Idaho, USA      Explosion at National Reactor Testing Station's SL-1 Stationary Low-Power Reactor Number One      3      22      4 October 5, 1966      Monroe, Michigan, USA      Sodium cooling system malfunctions at Enrico Fermi demonstration breeder reactor causing some fuel elements to melt      0      19      4 August 11, 1973      Palisades, Michigan, USA      Steam generator leak causes manual shutdown of pressurized water reactor      0      10       March 22, 1975      Browns Ferry, Alabama, USA      Fire burns for seven hours and damages more than 1600 control cables for one of the three nuclear reactors at Browns Ferry, disabling core cooling systems      0      240      3 November 5, 1975      Brownsville, Nebraska, USA      Hydrogen gas explosion damages the Cooper Nuclear Station’s auxiliary building      0      13       June 10, 1977      Waterford, Connecticut, USA      Hydrogen gas explosion damages three buildings and forces shutdown of Millstone-1 Boiling Water Reactor      0      15       February 4, 1979      Surry, Virginia, USA      Surry Unit 2 shut down in response to failing tube bundles in steam generators      0      12       March 28, 1979      Middletown, Pennsylvania, USA      Loss of coolant and partial core meltdown, see Three Mile Island accident and Three Mile Island accident health effects      0      2,400      5 October 17, 1981      Buchanan, New York, USA      100,000 gallons of Hudson River water leaked into the Indian Point Energy Center Unit 2 containment building from the fan cooling unit, undetected by a safety device designed to detect hot water. The flooding, covering the first 9 feet of the reactor vessel, was discovered when technicians entered the building. Two pumps which should have removed the water were found to be inoperative. NRC proposed a $210,000 fine for the incident.[69]      0             ...

Please forgive me:


Quote:

January 25, 1982      Rochester, New York, USA      Steam generator-leak at the Ginna Nuclear Generating Station causes extensive injection of the high pressure emergency core cooling system      0      ?       March 20, 1982      Lycoming, New York, USA      Recirculation system piping fails at Nine Mile Point Unit 1, forcing two year shutdown      0      45       March 25, 1982      Buchanan, New York, USA      Damage to steam generator tubes and main generator resulting in a shut down Indian Point Energy Center Unit 3 for more than a year      0      56       June 18, 1982      Senaca, South Carolina, USA      Feedwater heat extraction line fails at Oconee 2 Pressurised Water Reactor, damaging thermal cooling system      0      10       February 12, 1983      Forked River, New Jersey, USA      Oyster Creek Nuclear Power Plant fails safety inspection, forced to shut down for repairs      0      32       February 26, 1983      Fort Pierce, Florida, USA      Damaged thermal shield and core barrel support at St Lucie Unit 1, necessitating 13-month shutdown      0      54       September 15, 1984      Athens, Alabama, USA      Safety violations, operator error, and design problems force six year outage at Browns Ferry Unit 2      0      110       March 9, 1985      Athens, Alabama, USA      Instrumentation systems malfunction during start-up, which led to suspension of operations at all three Browns Ferry Units      0      1,830       April 11, 1986      Plymouth, Massachusetts, USA      Recurring equipment problems force emergency shutdown of Boston Edison's Pilgrim Nuclear Power Plant      0      1,001       1986      Surry, Virginia, USA      Broken Feedwater pipe at Surry Nuclear Power Plant kills 4      4      ?       March 31, 1987      Delta, Pennsylvania, USA      Peach Bottom units 2 and 3 shutdown due to cooling malfunctions and unexplained equipment problems      0      400       December 19, 1987      Lycoming, New York, USA      Malfunctions force Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation to shut down Nine Mile Point Unit 1      0      150       September 10, 1988      Surry, Virginia, USA      Refuelling cavity seal fails and destroys internal pipe system at Surry Unit 2, forcing 12-month outage      0      9       March 5, 1989      Tonopah, Arizona, USA      Atmospheric dump valves fail at Palo Verde Unit 1, leading to main transformer fire and emergency shutdown      0      14       March 17, 1989      Lusby, Maryland, USA      Inspections at Calvert Cliff Units 1 and 2 reveal cracks at pressurized heater sleeves, forcing extended shutdowns      0      120       November 17, 1991      Scriba, New York, USA      Safety and fire problems force shut down of the FitzPatrick nuclear reactor for 13 months      0      5       April 21, 1992      Southport, North Carolina, USA      NRC forces shut down of Brunswick Units 1 and 2 after emergency diesel generators fail      0      2       February 3, 1993      Bay City, Texas, USA      Auxiliary feed-water pumps fail at South Texas Project Units 1 and 2, prompting rapid shutdown of both reactors      0      3       February 27, 1993      Buchanan, New York, USA      New York Power Authority shuts down Indian Point Energy Center Unit 3 after AMSAC system fails      0      2       March 2, 1993      Soddy-Daisy, Tennessee, USA      Equipment failures and broken pipes cause shut down of Sequoyah Unit 1      0      3       December 25, 1993      Newport, Michigan, USA      Shut down of Fermi Unit 2 after main turbine experienced major failure due to improper maintenance      0      67       14 January 1995      Wiscasset, Maine, USA      Steam generator tubes unexpectedly crack at Maine Yankee nuclear reactor; shut down of the facility for a year      0      62       May 16, 1995      Salem, New Jersey, USA      Ventilation systems fail at Salem Units 1 and 2      0      34       February 20, 1996      Connecticut, USA      Leaking valve forces shutdown Millstone Nuclear Power Plant Units 1 and 2, multiple equipment failures found      0      254       September 2, 1996      Crystal River, Florida, USA      Balance-of-plant equipment malfunction forces shutdown and extensive repairs at Crystal River Unit 3      0      384       September 5, 1996      Clinton, Illinois, USA      Reactor recirculation pump fails, prompting shut down of Clinton boiling water reactor      0      38       September 20, 1996      Senaca, Illinois, USA      Service water system fails and results in closure of LaSalle Units 1 and 2 for more than 2 years      0      71       September 9, 1997      Bridgman, Michigan, USA      Ice condenser containment systems fail at Cook Units 1 and 2      0      11       May 25, 1999      Waterford, Connecticut, USA      Steam leak in feed-water heater causes manual shutdown and damage to control board annunciator at the Millstone Nuclear Power Plant      0      7       September 29, 1999      Lower Alloways Creek, New Jersey, USA      Major Freon leak at Hope Creek Nuclear Facility causes ventilation train chiller to trip, releasing toxic gas and damaging the cooling system      0      2       February 16, 2002      Oak Harbor, Ohio, USA      Severe corrosion of control rod drives in the reactor head forces 24-month outage of Davis-Besse reactor      0      143       January 15, 2003      Bridgman, Michigan, USA      A fault in the main transformer at the Donald C. Cook nuclear power plant causes a fire that damages the main generator and back-up turbines      0      10       June 16, 2005      Braidwood, Illinois, USA      Exelon's Braidwood Nuclear Generating Station leaks tritium and contaminates local water supplies      0      41       August 4, 2005      Buchanan, New York, USA      Entergy's Indian Point Energy Center Nuclear Plant leaks tritium and strontium into underground lakes from 1974 to 2005            30       March 6, 2006      Erwin, Tennessee, USA      Nuclear fuel services plant spills 35 litres of highly enriched uranium, necessitating 7-month shutdown      0      98       November 21, 2009      Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA      Twelve workers were contaminated after radioactive dust was mobilized at the Three Mile Island plant during pipe maintenance works.[70]      0             ...

Phew, the last bunch:


Quote:

January 7, 2010      Buchanan, New York, USA      NRC inspectors reported that an estimated 600,000 gallons of mildly radioactive steam was intentionally vented after an automatic shutdown of Indian Point Energy Center Unit 2. The levels of tritium in the steam were below those allowable by NRC safety standards.[71]      0      0       February 1, 2010      Vernon, Vermont, USA      Deteriorating underground pipes from the Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant leak radioactive tritium into groundwater supplies      0      700       August 2011      Louisa county, Virginia, USA      A 5.8-earthquake in the region caused the loss of offsite power at the North Anna Nuclear Generating Station. Later in the incident, the plant lost an emergency diesel generator, leading to the activation of the so-called SBO diesel generator - an emergency situation.      0      ?      2 January 2014      St. Lucie, Florida, USA      Flooding of the auxiliary building of the St. Lucie Nuclear Power Plant, caused by lacking proper flood barriers[72]      0      ?       July 2016      Michigan, USA      Massive steam leak in the turbine building of Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant, unit 2      0      ?       December 2019      Nebraska, USA      One of the two safety related component cooling systems of Cooper Nuclear Station was unable to operate, because its service water system, that takes water from the river, was plugged with silt.[73]

What is your source for this litany of doom and gloom? And do you actually understand any of it?  ::)

Belgarion wrote on Aug 10^th, 2021 at 8:08pm:

What is your source for this litany of doom and gloom? And do you actually understand any of it?  ::)

It appears that to get anything into Belgarion's head I would have to use jumper cables and clamps.

Evidently, Belgarion has not heard of Google.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_nuclear_power_accidents_by_country

Laugh till you cry wrote on Aug 10^th, 2021 at 2:41pm:

Phew, the last bunch: Quote: January 7, 2010      Buchanan, New York, USA      NRC inspectors reported that an estimated 600,000 gallons of mildly radioactive steam was intentionally vented after an automatic shutdown of Indian Point Energy Center Unit 2. The levels of tritium in the steam were below those allowable by NRC safety standards.[71]      0      0       February 1, 2010      Vernon, Vermont, USA      Deteriorating underground pipes from the Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant leak radioactive tritium into groundwater supplies      0      700       August 2011      Louisa county, Virginia, USA      A 5.8-earthquake in the region caused the loss of offsite power at the North Anna Nuclear Generating Station. Later in the incident, the plant lost an emergency diesel generator, leading to the activation of the so-called SBO diesel generator - an emergency situation.      0      ?      2 January 2014      St. Lucie, Florida, USA      Flooding of the auxiliary building of the St. Lucie Nuclear Power Plant, caused by lacking proper flood barriers[72]      0      ?       July 2016      Michigan, USA      Massive steam leak in the turbine building of Donald C. Cook Nuclear Plant, unit 2      0      ?       December 2019      Nebraska, USA      One of the two safety related component cooling systems of Cooper Nuclear Station was unable to operate, because its service water system, that takes water from the river, was plugged with silt.[73]

Imagine - if you could think.

Frank wrote on Aug 10^th, 2021 at 9:06pm:

Imagine - if you could think.

I wish Frank could.

In Frank's case imagination and thinking are impossibilities with a cranium chock-full of extremist dogma.

Laugh till you cry wrote on Aug 10^th, 2021 at 8:32pm:

Belgarion wrote on Aug 10th, 2021 at 8:08pm: What is your source for this litany of doom and gloom? And do you actually understand any of it?  ::) It appears that to get anything into Belgarion's head I would have to use jumper cables and clamps. Evidently, Belgarion has not heard of Google. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_nuclear_power_accidents_by_country

You really don't understand do you? What you have shown is a list of industrial accidents and simple breakdowns of types that are common in any industry, not specific to or caused by nuclear power generation.  Here is a far more realistic look at the deaths associated with nuclear power plants. Note how few actually involve radiation. The deaths associated with other power generation methods are far in excess of those listed here.   ::)

https://environmentalprogress.org/nuclear-deaths

issuevoter wrote on Aug 10^th, 2021 at 1:35pm:

Hears a question for denialists. How much crap can we pump into the sky before it has an effect on climate?

I had a hot shower tonight. The room was fogging with high humidity upon getting out. It had been raining last night and today. But, usually, the town is cool to cold and dry for much of the winter. I figure that 80,000 people using hot water for their showers probably increase the likelihood of rainfall in town by about 0.1%.

So, I look in the context of carbon monoxide being spewed into the atmosphere by millions of cars every day all year around. When the lockdown took place around the world, wildlife made their way back to cities. Pollution in India meant that they could see the mountains hundreds of kilometres away.

Some articles have stated:
*Reduction of air pollution and GHGs emission
As industries, transportation and companies have closed down, it has brought a sudden drop of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions.
*Reduction of water pollution
Water pollution is a common phenomenon of a developing country like India, and Bangladesh, where domestic and industrial wastes are dumped into rivers without treatment. During the lockdown period, the major industrial sources of pollution have shrunk or completely stopped, which helped to reduce the pollution load.
*Reduction of noise pollution
Noise pollution is the elevated levels of sound, generated from different human activities (e.g., machines, vehicles, construction work), which may lead to adverse effects in human and other living organisms.
*Ecological restoration and assimilation of tourist spots
Over the past few years, tourism sector has witnessed a remarkable growth because of technological advancements and transport networks; which contribute significantly to global gross domestic product.
Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7498239/

All these shutdowns have seen a much similar level of pollution not seen in over 100 years. But, 100 years ago, there were polluting factories and industrial waste at some level relevant to worldwide industrial nations.

The real issue is that all these pollutants have been flowing through the air in considerable amounts for the last 300 years. And yet, with all this pollutants, we are not seeing a considerable amount of climate change that could be noticeable by people who have lived and observed the weather and climate variations for the last 32 years.

I would suggest that whilst it is commendable that we use green technology, we should focus more on conservation of species for flora and fauna.

To answer your question: Any amount of pollutants can change the environment. But only slightly.

Quote:

Highlights •Vital environmental changes have been evidenced during COVID-19 lockdown. •500% decrease in sewage and industrial effluents in rivers. •Dissolved oxygen(DO), Biological oxygen demand(BOD), pH of river water has been improved by 79%, 30% and 7.9 respectively •Noise level was reduced up to 35% to 68% all over the world. •Wild life gets a chance to reclaim their land.

Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S004896972034095X?via%3Dihub

Belgarion wrote on Aug 10^th, 2021 at 1:54pm:

issuevoter wrote on Aug 10th, 2021 at 1:35pm: Hears a question for denialists. How much crap can we pump into the sky before it has an effect on climate? Here is a question for alarmists. If pumping crap into the sky is such an issue why are you so anti-nuclear?

I am neither alarmist nor anti-nuclear, but I believe their concern is mainly nuclear waste, which is reasonable, although advances in technology may address that problem.

issuevoter wrote on Aug 10^th, 2021 at 11:28pm:

Belgarion wrote on Aug 10th, 2021 at 1:54pm: issuevoter wrote on Aug 10th, 2021 at 1:35pm: Hears a question for denialists. How much crap can we pump into the sky before it has an effect on climate? Here is a question for alarmists. If pumping crap into the sky is such an issue why are you so anti-nuclear? I am neither alarmist nor anti-nuclear, but I believe their concern is mainly nuclear waste, which is reasonable, although advances in technology may address that problem.

The nuclear "waste" issue has already been addressed. This is just one reference: https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-wastes/radioactive-wastes-myths-and-realities.aspx   

Another IPCC reports, another fit of hysteria and hyperbole.

Predictably enough, the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report has been greeted with hyperbole about fire, flood and tempest. It is ‘code red for humanity,’ according to UN general-secretary Antonio Guterres. ‘This report must sound a death knell for coal and fossil fuels before they destroy our planet.’

As ever with IPCC reports, the content doesn’t live up to the hysterical reviews. If the vision presented in it were the basis of a disaster movie you would want your money back.


The political activist and media slant is over the top, as usual.

Climate change is actually saving lives

In contrast to the hyperventilating media, the report is actually serious and sensible (and very, very long). It doesn’t surprise, since it is a summary of already published studies, but it reconfirms that global warming indeed is real and a problem.

But it also highlights how much one-sided thinking takes place in the climate conversation. Since the heat dome in the US and Canada in June, there has been a lot of writing about more heat deaths. And the IPCC confirms that climate change indeed has increased heatwaves. However, the report equally firmly, if virtually unacknowledged, tells us that global warming means “the frequency and intensity of cold extremes have decreased”.

This matters, because globally, many more people die from cold than from heat. A new study in the highly respected journal Lancet shows that about half a million people die from heat, but 4.5 million people die from cold. As temperatures have increased over the past two decades, that has caused an extra 116,000 heat deaths each year. This, of course, fits the narrative and is what we have heard over and again. But it turns out that because global warming has also reduced cold waves, we now see 283,000 fewer cold deaths. You don’t hear this, but so far climate change saves 166,000 lives each year.

It also mentions climate upsides like the fact that more CO2 in the atmosphere has acted as a fertiliser and created a profound global greening of the planet. One NASA study found that over a period of 35 years, climate change has added an area of green equivalent to two times the size of Australia. But don’t expect to read about this in any of the breathless articles on climate impact.

https://www.theaustralian.com.au/inquirer/climate-change-is-actually-saving-lives/news-story/3e85efcacd10118331de4f92cb6cdfe9