freediver wrote on Oct 23
rd, 2008 at 6:33pm:
OK I'll explain then. Suppose you set up a green zone for a month. During that month, 30 boats would have normally fished there, catching 100 sedentary fish. So the one month period caused those 100 catches not to occur. Obviously this is an effect, and you would expect there to be up to 100 more of those fish in that area as a result of the new zoning. I suspect Ray Hilborn was just plain wrong, or very careless with his language.
His language was very clear, so he 'must' be wrong then. Never mind he is a Professor in fisheries science and you have no qualifications in the field whatsoever (plus haven't even read his paper).
The Burdens of Proof paper also covers this issue:
(While such speculations are intuitive, they often appear in the literature as logically true assertions. However, these deceptively reasonable speculations are each dependent on underlying
assumptions about behaviour, ecology and the fishery.
It is logically true that preventing fishing in particular areas will eliminate direct fishing mortality and stop the destruction of habitat caused
by contact fishing gears (Collie et al. 2000). However, it is imprudent to make untested assertions about the primary consequences of reserve protection on fish population dynamics, and then to
extrapolate those effects to fishery-level predictions. Typical predictions of fishery enhancement could be invalidated for a number of reasons, including displaced fishing effort around the reserve
boundary (Parrish 1999), recruitment limitation (Doherty & Fowler 1994), self-recruitment rather than larval export (Leis 2002), irreversible changes in species assemblages, and any number of
unknown causes due to the underlying complexity of the ecosystem. Without empirical substantiation, predictions of fishery enhancement are deductions based on circumstantial evidence and ancillary information.
Furthermore, even if model assumptions are logically correct, it is not sufficient to test only for the existence of reserve effects. Of real relevance is the magnitude of an effect and the certainty (or lack thereof ) that surrounds estimates of it.Detection of recovery of fish density in marine reserves often suffers from lack of rigour in the design of field surveys (Hurlbert 1984; Stewart-Oaten et al. 1986; Underwood 1990, 1993).
As Underwood (1990) pointed out, studies lacking replication cannot be logically interpreted.In the marine reserve context there are many reasons why researchers might have limits on their sampling designs. However, a critical evaluation of the experimental designs employed by many
published studies brought to light the following problems with replication and lack of control sites:
(1) insufficient sample replication (for example only one site sampled inside and outside a reserve, or no control sites sampled at all);
(2) spatial confounding (for example all control sites located only at one end of the reserve, so that comparisons are confounded by unknown location effects);
(3) lack of temporal replication (most studies consist of surveys done at only one time);(4) lack of replication at the reserve level limiting the generality of results (although in many cases this reflects the number of reserves available); and
(5) non-random placement of reserves, i.e. often reserves are sited to include ‘special’ or unique features, which causes difficulties in selecting valid control sites (this is obviously no fault of
the researchers).