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Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool (Read 120543 times)
pjb05
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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #315 - Mar 12th, 2009 at 8:06pm
 
RecFisher wrote on Mar 12th, 2009 at 7:48pm:
pjb05 wrote on Mar 4th, 2009 at 7:11am:
RecFisher wrote on Mar 3rd, 2009 at 9:28pm:
Don't you get bored arguing with each other?  Can't you see the pointlessness of it?


Not as pointless as your post RecFisher, and I think you have made this 'point' before. If you don't have anything of substance to add why don't you but out? I know we can't all be mental giants but some people enjoy the intellectual challenge of a debate and that is why forums like this exist.  

PS: there will be other people reading this forum and if I change some peoples minds on marine reserves it's worth it.  In any case the future of my sport is worth arguing about. People will have their sport serverly restricted or lose their jobs and businesses over this - so it's probably more important than a lot of other topics debated here.  Even if FD doesn't debate properly his tepid arguments point out how weak the case is for marine parks in Australia.  


If anyone else is reading this, they'll probably just think that it's just like 2 kids arguing pointlessly in the playground:

PJ: "Did"

FD: "Did not"

PJ: "Did"

FD: "Did not"

PJ: "Did"

FD: "Did not"

They'll probably just give up on the forum like I pretty much have.  I might call back in a couple more weeks and this topic will be up to page 85 and you will still be arguing the same circular argument.  Bit boring for me, good night.


Recfisher: "boring, pointless, waste of time" (but I read it anyway and make the same post 6 times - a few weeks apart).
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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #316 - Mar 12th, 2009 at 9:07pm
 
PJ if something bad is done in a holistic context it is still bad. Waving your arms in the air like a hippy and saying it all magically works out because you do lots of things at once is not a sound argument.
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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #317 - Mar 13th, 2009 at 2:12pm
 
freediver wrote on Mar 12th, 2009 at 9:07pm:
PJ if something bad is done in a holistic context it is still bad. Waving your arms in the air like a hippy and saying it all magically works out because you do lots of things at once is not a sound argument.


So your saying catching legal sized fish is bad?
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pjb05
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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #318 - Mar 13th, 2009 at 4:02pm
 
Prof Bob Keaney has prepared a paper which reviews the NPA's 'Torn Blue Fringe'. Although it hasn't been published yet the greenies have already ripped into it (or should I say 'him'). There are marked similarites to the NPA's attitudes and FD's devotion to the marine park faith.

Marine park review makes greenies see red!

ANTI-FISHING activists have labeled a report funded by NSW anglers into the marine parks issue as "fundamentally flawed" and "agenda driven". The National Parks Association of NSW, a lobby group which advocated a hard-core anti-fishing agenda in its recent "Torn Blue Fringe" document, has slammed a review written by the respected fisheries scientist Professor Bob Kearney.

Trouble is, the NPA hasn't even read this paper. It's still being peer reviewed.

Back in the 1990s the US movie director Martin Scorsese released a film called The Last Temptation of Christ. Outraged fundamentalist Christians led by moral campaigners such as Fred Nile blockaded cinemas, protesting that the film was anti-Christian and offensive. I recall seeing these protestors interviewed on TV. None of them had actually seen the film - they had simply made up their minds that it was wrong and evil. The Last Temptation of Christ is now recognized and lauded as a deeply spiritual and significant film.

I wonder how many NPA supporters sympathize with the reactionary viewpoints of fundamentalists involved with narrow-minded protests against books and films, most of which they've never seen or read.

I would suggest most reasonable citizens would oppose such bigoted and ignorant behaviour.

Unfortunately, the sort of facile small mindedness often linked with right-wing fundamentalists is becoming more and more common amongst the conservation movement.

The NPA response to the Kearney review is worrying on a number of levels. Strongly crictizing an as yet unpublished review in the way the NPA has done ranks up there with the worst kind of patronizing and judgmental censorship.

The NPA's marine program manager, Nicky Hammond, makes serious errors of judgment and puts her group's credibility on the line when she slams Kearney's scientific professionalism and attempts to gag debate on the marine parks issue.

What the NPA is saying when it labels the Kearney report as "flawed" is that no other view than that espoused by the NPA is allowed. I'm sure the NPA people think they're pretty good, but they're not omniscient. Surely reasonable people in the NPA - there are some, aren't there? - would respect the views of other groups involved in this debate? Surely they would also have the decency to allow these views to be expressed?

This said, it's highly likely that Kearney's review will clash with what the NPA wants regarding more and expanded marine parks.

But just because you don't like what the other side says is no excuse to release an uninformed and emotive pre-emptive strike on it. The NPA's press release pouring scorn on the unreleased Kearney review smacks of desperation and shows a distinct lack of corporate maturity.  

The NPA has shown itself to be intolerant, small minded and, worse still, fanatical in its approach to this issue.  Fred Nile would be proud.



By Jim Harnwell

Publisher

Fishing World




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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #319 - Mar 13th, 2009 at 9:27pm
 
Quote:
So your saying catching legal sized fish is bad?


I am saying minimum sizes are. Out of all the fisheries management tools currently used, they are the worst.
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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #320 - Mar 14th, 2009 at 6:29am
 
freediver wrote on Mar 13th, 2009 at 9:27pm:
Quote:
So your saying catching legal sized fish is bad?


I am saying minimum sizes are. Out of all the fisheries management tools currently used, they are the worst.



Unless you want to create the World's first fishery based on taking tiddlers, any fishing effort is based on taking sizable fish. Given what we know about the population dynamics it is desirable to take a portion of the larger fish as it creates room for the smaller one to grow quicker and you get a higher yield. There is no evidence that marine parks control the take of larger fish any better than traditional methods properly applied.

Given your inability to answer any of my questions (this after you went on for pages about me supposedly not answering one of yours), we are expected just to believe your bland assertions. You would fit in well in the NPA!
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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #321 - Mar 14th, 2009 at 9:50am
 
Quote:
Unless you want to create the World's first fishery based on taking tiddlers, any fishing effort is based on taking sizable fish.


Minimum sizes have nothing to do with that. Compare for example the minimum size of 75cm for amberjack, cobia, black jew, spanish mack, samsonfish, wahoo etc, with 23cm for whiting. Minimum sizes are just another method reducing catches. An undersized spanish is a sizeable fish, whereas a perfectly legal whiting is still tiny. But fishermen are perfectly happy with a 25cm whiting.

Quote:
Given what we know about the population dynamics it is desirable to take a portion of the larger fish as it creates room for the smaller one to grow quicker and you get a higher yield.


Crap. You actually get much higher yields by harvesting the fish at a younger age. And that is without taking into account the more obvious long term detrimental impacts of the selective pressures you place on stocks. What you are regurgitating is popular myth and has nothing at all to do with what we actually know about population dynamics. It is a myth created around the culture that is a response to the inbtroduction of minimum sizes as a fisheries management tool. It is nothing more than saying "the government told us to do this, therefor it must be a good idea".

Quote:
There is no evidence that marine parks control the take of larger fish any better than traditional methods properly applied.


There is plenty of evidence. The fish tend to be larger within a marine park and there tends to be far more of those larger fish.
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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #322 - Mar 14th, 2009 at 11:23am
 
Quote:
Unless you want to create the World's first fishery based on taking tiddlers, any fishing effort is based on taking sizable fish.


Minimum sizes have nothing to do with that. Compare for example the minimum size of 75cm for amberjack, cobia, black jew, spanish mack, samsonfish, wahoo etc, with 23cm for whiting. Minimum sizes are just another method reducing catches. An undersized spanish is a sizeable fish, whereas a perfectly legal whiting is still tiny. But fishermen are perfectly happy with a 25cm whiting.

Duh FD the fish you mention grow to larger sizes and hence mature and breed at larger sizes hence they have larger legal sizes.
PS You are always chanting the slogan taking the breeders and keeping the runts - the flipside is taking the runts and leaving the breeders is it not?


Quote:
Given what we know about the population dynamics it is desirable to take a portion of the larger fish as it creates room for the smaller one to grow quicker and you get a higher yield.


Crap. You actually get much higher yields by harvesting the fish at a younger age. And that is without taking into account the more obvious long term detrimental impacts of the selective pressures you place on stocks. What you are regurgitating is popular myth and has nothing at all to do with what we actually know about population dynamics. It is a myth created around the culture that is a response to the inbtroduction of minimum sizes as a fisheries management tool. It is nothing more than saying "the government told us to do this, therefor it must be a good idea".

If it is crap why will any Fisheries Scientist with real world experience tell you the same? You are just making stuff up now. Same goes for the so called selective pressures. There is no real world evidence of this under a sensible management regime. The 'obvious long term detrimental effects' I think you will find come from a study of captive fish in an artficial situation. PS an increase in fish nos and sizes in a green zone is not proof of fishery wide benifits.

Quote:
There is no evidence that marine parks control the take of larger fish any better than traditional methods properly applied.


There is plenty of evidence. The fish tend to be larger within a marine park and there tends to be far more of those larger fish. [/quote]

Most of the evidence comes from heavily overexploited areas where just about any change in management would see an improvement. People like you then fraudulently apply these percieved benifits to our fishery.
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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #323 - Mar 14th, 2009 at 1:57pm
 
Quote:
the flipside is taking the runts and leaving the breeders is it not?


False dichotomy. Replacing minimum sizes with maximum sizes would make the fishery even less resilient than it is now. There are plenty of alternatives that do place any limits on the size of the fish taken.

Quote:
If it is crap why will any Fisheries Scientist with real world experience tell you the same?


But they won't tell you that. I have no idea where you get these strange ideas from. Certainly not scientists. This is one of the most fundamental and universal principles of population dynamics - waiting until the fish get larger reduces the total yield, even if you ignore the negative impact of the selective pressures.

Quote:
You are just making stuff up now. Same goes for the so called selective pressures.


No PJ, you are. You claimed to be the only one here with scientific training. Yet it is plainly obvious that you know almost nothing of the science involved. You don't even seem to comprehend concepts from most high school biology courses.

Quote:
PS an increase in fish nos and sizes in a green zone is not proof of fishery wide benifits.


That wasn't the point you tried to make by bringing that up PJ. This is what you said, and it is clearly wrong:

Quote:
There is no evidence that marine parks control the take of larger fish any better than traditional methods properly applied.
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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #324 - Mar 14th, 2009 at 2:56pm
 
[quote author=freediver link=1192441509/315#323 date=1237003039][No PJ, you are. You claimed to be the only one here with scientific training. Yet it is plainly obvious that you know almost nothing of the science involved. You don't even seem to comprehend concepts from most high school biology courses.

[quote]

Actually I blitzed high school biology if you must know. I got 87% and a grade one pass for my HSC (and 87% really meant something in 1981). I took (and passed) several 2nd year biology courses at Univeristy too.
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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #325 - Mar 14th, 2009 at 9:24pm
 
If, as you claim, there are plenty of scientists who support your view that taking the larger fish instead of the smaller ones increases catches, then quote one. Chances are you will just demonstrate your inability to comprehend what they are saying.

87% may be good, but it is not blitzing anything.
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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #326 - Mar 15th, 2009 at 6:18am
 
freediver wrote on Mar 14th, 2009 at 9:24pm:
If, as you claim, there are plenty of scientists who support your view that taking the larger fish instead of the smaller ones increases catches, then quote one. Chances are you will just demonstrate your inability to comprehend what they are saying.

87% may be good, but it is not blitzing anything.


The quotes are already on this thread, I'll find them if you are to lazy too look them up , I heard Prof Kearney at the fisheries centre at Cronulla say it too, so it would be in the transcript. I didn't see you there. For someone who thinks they are a player in fisheries you make remarkably little effort to keep informed.

By the way I'm only talking about taking an optimal portion of the large fish - which is a bit different to what your oversimplification implies. 

PS: 87% would be in the top few percent of the State. Back in 1981 they didn't like giving near 100% for most HSC subjects.  
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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #327 - Mar 15th, 2009 at 7:01am
 
Here's an interesting article which contradicts many of FD's assertions:
http://72.14.235.132/search?q=cache:KQfI9YH2qfIJ:www.esm.ucsb.edu/academics/courses/595PB/Readings/Parrish_Reserves_CALCOFI.pdf+virgin+spawning+biomass&cd=9&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=au

Marine reserves have recently become a politically correct way of viewing the management of marine resources......But the case for large marine reserves for fisheries management purposes has not yet been adequately made. The few available modeling studies suggest that for fish- eries management purposes, marine reserves need to be on the order of 50% of the productive habitat. Analyses presented here suggest that, with reserves this large, cur- rent yields can be obtained only with a considerable increase in total fishing effort and a very large increase in the mortality rates in areas open to fishing. This im- plies a large increase in the trawling rate, and probably associated ecological damage, in the exploited area.

Growth versus Recruitment Overfishing Fisheries
Biologists generally divide overfishing into two conceptual classes: growth overfishing and recruit- ment overfishing. The management techniques used to avoid these two classes of overfishing are quite different. Growth overfishing is most likely to occur in species with low growth and natural mortality rates as well as delayed sexual maturity. It is therefore likely to occur in fisheries for rockfishes and other slow-growing groundfish species. Generally, the term refers to fishing a stock beyond the maximum yield per recruit, and this generally occurs when a species is exploited before the age that an individual cohort achieves its natural maxi- mum biomass. Growth overfishing is generally avoided by delaying, or at least reducing, fishing mortality on fish that have not yet reached the size or age of sexual maturity; this is often near the age that a year class reaches its maxi- mum biomass. Typical management measures to avoid growth overfishing include size restrictions, mesh size restrictions, and area closures to prevent harvest in nearshore nursery grounds. These area closures have tra- ditionally been limited to specific types of fishing gear (e.g., trawls or purse seines). No-take reserves have not been used to prevent growth overfishing in the California Current region. Depending on the growth and behavior of individ- ual species, reserves may or may not affect growth over- fishing. Nonetheless, many of the beneficial effects of marine reserves observed in modeling studies are related to growth overfishing. The reserve models essentially protect fish at younger ages; then these fish move out of the reserve and are caught at a beneficial yield-per- recruit age and mortality rate. If reserves were concen- trated in nearshore, nursery areas, they would have the same effect as the gear-specific closed areas mentioned above. In this case, the reserves will not fulfill the role of maintaining near virgin densities and population age structures because they will not protect adults. For seden- tary fishes, where the areas open to fishing encompass the habitat of the whole age structure of the species (i.e., where there is no nursery grounds effect), regulations to prevent growth overfishing will have to be maintained.
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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #328 - Mar 15th, 2009 at 8:45am
 
Science and Marine Parks in New South Wales: the hoodwinking continues. (October 30/2008) Bob Kearney, Emeritus Professor of Fisheries, University of Canberra

The section, ‘Benefits of Marine Parks: Increases in the size and numbers of marine fish’, is a classic example of how the Marine Parks Authority gives inappropriate weight to largely irrelevant precedents, and confuses changes which may result from restricting fishing, with actual benefits. Of course area closures to fishing will often result in relatively more fish in the areas that are closed, provided compliance is reasonable: if you don’t cut the grass it tends to be longer! But it likely will not grow as fast. Certainly the total yield over the long term will be less than with a well designed and managed harvest strategy. It is accepted that there are numerous management objectives other than total yield, but the presence of more fish in an area does not in itself, automatically constitute a benefit, particularly if the costs of their protection exceed the value of the benefit. The only three NSW examples of so called ‘benefits’ from marine parks in this State, cited in Marine Parks Authority 2008, relate to two instances of marginal increases in red morwong and one increase for mud crabs. I demonstrated in my September 2007 paper why neither of these examples as reported by the Marine Parks Authority constituted a benifit.
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Re: Marine Parks as a Fisheries Management Tool
Reply #329 - Mar 15th, 2009 at 1:42pm
 
No Take Marine Protected Areas (nMPAs) as a fishery management tool, a pragmatic perspective
A Report to the FishAmerica Foundation
By Robert L. Shipp, Ph.D.


Establishment of nMPAs may have numerous beneficial purposes. However, as a tool for fisheries management, where optimal and/or maximum sustainable yield is the objective, nMPAs are generally not as effective as traditional management measures, and are not appropriate for the vast majority of marine species. This is because most marine species are far too mobile to remain within an nMPA and/or are not overfished. For those few species that could receive benefit, creation of nMPAs would have an adverse effect on optimal management of sympatric forms.

Eight percent of US fish stocks of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) are reported to be experiencing overfishing. The finfish stocks included in this number are primarily pelagic or highly mobile species, movement patterns that don’t lend themselves to benefit from nMPAs. Thus a very small percentage, something less than 2 %, depending on mobility potentials, is likely to benefit from creation of these no-take zones. However, many of these species have come under management within the last decade, employing more traditional fishery management measures, and are experiencing recovery. ......

If the stocks are healthy, and projected to remain so, that is they are neither overfished nor is overfishing occurring, the need for nMPAs as a management tool is nil. This is also true if the preferred but complex ecosystem management strategy is employed, and no species within the complex is overfished or experiencing overfishing. In fact the literature is clear on this point, that if the stocks are healthy, nMPAs at best are yield neutral or will reduce harvest in some ratio to the size of the nMPAs (e.g. Polachek, 1990; DeMartini, 1993; Holland and Brazee, 1996; Sladik and Roberts, 1997; Botsford et al., 1999; Hastings and Botsford, 1999; R. Hilborn, U. of Wash. pers. com.).

Stocks within an nMPA
There are numerous examples in the literature of stock increases within an nMPA (e.g. Johnson et al., 1999; Roberts et al., 2001). However, one must not forget what the point is here in regard to yield. While effective nMPAs may support a stock with relatively greater biomass, perhaps larger individuals, and a higher spawning potential ratio (SPR), this portion of the stock has been removed from harvest . Therefore, the overall yield is reduced by whatever fraction could be contributed to overall harvest from this protected stock, and mitigated only by the possibility of spillover or larval contribution, as discussed above.

Pragmatic perspective
Examination of the scores of coastal species from the mid to south Atlantic, Gulf, and US Pacific coasts reveals that very few species are known to be both overfished and/or experiencing overfishing, and are sedentary. Those candidates that are in both categories, and may possibly benefit from and nMPA, are found in widely differing geographic ranges, with optimal potential nMPA sites far apart (e.g. lingcod and surf perch in the Pacific, red porgy in the Atlantic and gray triggerfish in the Gulf). To establish an nMPA for the benefit of those few species would remove harvest potential of the scores of sympatric forms, most of which are not overfished. And while this may not reduce the overall harvest of these species, it would definitely reduce efficiency and increase fishing effort in other, adjacent areas.

Far better would be to impose more traditional methods to restore the overfished stocks, as has been done for many species. This becomes more and more successful as we adopt more precautionary harvest levels, improve our methods of stock assessment, stock/recruit relationships, and life history information.

Current plans or suggestions regarding closure of large areas of the US mainland continental shelf to harvest are simply not scientifically supportable from a fishery management perspective. The suggestion, for example, that as much as 40 % of the Southern California shelf should be designated an nMPA is totally without merit from a fishery harvest perspective. Though there may be other aesthetic benefits, such a closure would severely reduce harvest potentials, shift effort to other areas, and likely have a substantial negative economic impact on both the commercial and recreational fishing industries.
 





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