longweekend58 wrote on Sep 2
nd, 2013 at 11:37am:
Bam wrote on Sep 2
nd, 2013 at 9:28am:
Quote:My concern is that the farce of the 2013 Senate election may produce the wrong sort of change, where the existing players get together and simply make it impossible for the little parties to grow or get elected by introducing threshold quotas.
(Without checking, I think a threshold quota is a minimum percentage of the vote that a party or candidate can receive to be eligible to be elected. In the NZ parliament which has proportional representation, the threshold is four percent.)
what is inherently wrong with a threshold quota? we have seen examples (Fielding for example) where a senator gets elected on little more than his family and friends votes. I don't see a threshold as inherently bad although as usual, the devil is in the details.
A threshold quota is unnecessary with a preferential voting system. Exclusion thresholds are used in first-past-the-post voting systems. They do not work as well with preferential voting.
Once the candidates with a quota are elected, the remaining candidates would be excluded starting with the candidate with the fewest votes. This applies even without preferential voting. If there's no ticket voting (which we have now), this will by nature give the same result much of the time as the artifice of arbitrary thresholds for exclusion.
If there was an arbitrary threshold, there is also the possibility that
none of the remaining candidates has enough of a surplus to remain in the count. If the threshold is 1/7 (14.29%) and there was a threshold of 1/28 (3.57%), it only takes a number of remaining candidates that is one greater than this ratio (28/7 + 1 = 5 here) for the possibility to exist that none of them have a ratio.
If we have full above-the-line preferential voting, microparties would have to campaign for votes. They would not have the resources to hand out HTV cards at every polling place so there would be fewer of them.
Another factor to consider is that the election of minor parties like FFP or DLP only occurs rarely. Only for the final seat in each state does a candidate from a minor party have a chance of winning. Only twice has a minor party candidate won a Senate seat in 48 Senate contests with six-seat Senate contests (since 1990), both in Victoria. Fielding of FFP won in 2004 and Madigan from the DLP won in 2010.