1. Voluntarism:Voluntary interaction for mutually perceived benefit insures that no part in an exchange is being exploited. They both perceive benefit in the exchange more so than no participating. When I buy a chocolate from you, you want my money more than the chocolate bar and I want the chocolate bar more than I valued the money. It's voluntary and each party perceives a mutual benefit, value is subjective it changes from person to person, a person in a desert dying is going to value a bottle of water more than someone in a building with free water filters etc.
Thanks Vuk but this explanation is about buying and selling, What possible relevance does it have to producing and manufacturing. The question is do capitalists exploit workers. But this example says nothing about workers or the people who employ them to work. And I tell you why I find this so troubling. Because you said it was for this reason and the next reason (which I will get to in a moment) that you believe "on balance" (or words to that effect) that workers are not exploited by capitalists and yet your explanation has nothing to do with workers or their masters. Very troubling. I think you need to do a reassessment of yor position since your first reason is irrelevant.
^ combined with that you also need to understand the 3 things money represents: Scarcity, subjective values and; labour/energy/time/resource costs of something.
2. Time preference:Page 17 I made a pizza analogy.
Basically a person may create something that is then sold for $80, however would accept $40 for that work, rather than having to market the object, try and sell it and then wait for the $80 profit by doing all the work himself. Labour is divided, if I make the pizza it's only possible because of a long supply chain of other peoples actions, and if it's sold for $10 it doesn't mean I created it I get $10, no because of time preference I just wanted to make the thing and get paid something I felt acceptable, whilst someone else will deliver it which is labour in itself, not just that but the business owner paid for the equipment I used to make it, for the store, maybe they did the business plan, maybe they marketed the business etc etc it's not just about what one person does it's about what many do.
So in reality labour and risk are both divided and people interact voluntarily for a benefit rather than go to the trouble of trying to receive the full benefit for the full range of actions themselves. In summation time preference is voluntarily accepting something for your contribution as a part of a whole and acknowledging the contributions/costs/actions of others as well as the benefit of having a weekly wage rather than waiting while a product goes through a long series of events on it's road to profit.
Does that make sense Spartacus?
Yes thank but you paint a very pretty story that bares very little relationship to the real world. Surly you must see that. Again its troubling because you say this is the second reason why you think workers are not exploited by capitalists and yet the picture you outline is like a movie fantasy. It doesnt exist out there in the real world. You talk about voluntariness and say nothing about the power imbalance between employer and government on the one side and worker on the other. You say nothing about the laws that stop workers from withholding their labour. You take every opportunity to embellish and exaggerate the contribution that the employer makes and say next to nothing about the workers contribution. All things that you would need to discuss if you are serious about examining whether the worker is being exploited or not. How much is he getting paid for how much time he is working, how much is he getting paid for how much he is producing. How much is he getting paid for how much the thing is selling. You talk about the employers risk for which he gets profit. But you said nothing about how often workers take pay cuts in the bad times on a promise of an increase when things get better (and then promise is never kept) . All these things and many more that I have not mentioned are relevant but conveniently ignored in your pretty linear little fantasy you have created. Again since its one of the linchpins of your reasons for saying workers are not exploited I would have thought they at least needed a mention. [color=#0000ff]
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