Postmodern Trendoid III wrote on Mar 12
th, 2015 at 6:45am:
How did they posit the idea or belief that there are more than two states simultaneously? Was there an experiment seeing the two states simultaneously?
No, as far as Raven is aware there is no way to observe two states simultaneously.
However Thomas Young conducted what is called the Double-Slit experiment in the early 19th century which showed light is both a particle and a wave.
For this experiment, a beam of light is aimed at a barrier with two vertical slits. The light passes through the slits and the resulting pattern is recorded on a photographic plate. If one slit is covered, the pattern is what would be expected: a single line of light, aligned with whichever slit is open.
One would expect that if both slits are open, the pattern of light will reflect that fact: two lines of light, aligned with the slits. In fact, however, what happens is that the photographic plate is entirely separated into multiple lines of lightness and darkness in varying degrees. What is being illustrated by this result is that interference is taking place between the waves/particles going through the slits, in what, seemingly, should be two non-crossing trajectories.
What should happen is the beam of light particles or photons are slowed enough to ensure that individual photons are hitting the plate, there should be no interference and the pattern of light would be two lines of light, aligned with the slits.
In fact the resulting pattern still indicates interference, which means that, somehow, the single particles are interfering with themselves.
The conclusion was each photon not only goes through both slits, but simultaneously takes every possible trajectory en route to the target.
In later years scientists have focused on tracking the paths of individual photons. What happens in this case is that the measurement disrupts the photons' trajectories and the results of the experiment become what would be predicted by classical physics: two bright lines on the photographic plate, aligned with the slits in the barrier. Cease the attempt to measure, however, and the pattern will again become multiple lines in varying degrees of lightness and darkness.