Muslims around the world have been called on to rise to the challenge of religious reform in a debate between a prominent atheist and a Muslim activist.

Sam Harris, an atheist, author and neuroscientist, and Maajid Nawaz, a former Islamist member of Hizb-ut-Tahrir who went on to found anti-extremist think-tank The Quilliam Foundation, have come together to write a book, Islam and the Future of Tolerance: a Dialogue.

In a discussion on Lateline, they confronted what they said was Islam's failure to modernise and they challenged liberal left thinkers who they accused of defending extremism in the name of cultural tolerance.

The ideas discussed included the theory of paradise after death and whether it should be abolished, and whether or not the Prophet Mohammed should be the exemplar of the faith.

This is how their discussion unfolded...