Auggie wrote on Jan 16
th, 2018 at 11:28am:
he question I have is this: given that Islam prescribes rules for governing nearly all aspects of society, how can a Muslim reconcile their beliefs and accept the ‘Western’ system at the same time?? If the doctrine of separation of church and state developed in the Islamic world then it wouldn’t be an issue; but given that this is a western concept, it would appear that it would conflict with Islamic law. Also, remember that Muhammad in Surat 5 (the last one chronologically) says ‘I have perfected your religion for you..’ (just quoting at the top of my head, please correct me if I’m wrong).
Basically, I reject the premise of your question. The defining characteristic of The Quran is how
little it deals with "rules for governing society" - and where it does, it is about as vague as it possibly could be. Now there are muslims, it may even be a majority, who hold the traditions of Muhammad - canonised as the hadiths (or ahadith) as doctrinally important as the Quran itself. Here you will find "rules for governing nearly all aspects of society". The orthodox belief amongst muslims is that the Quran gives a general overview, while the ahadith gets into the nitty gritty - and thats how the two doctrines compliment one another. However I have a different belief - I believe that a muslims need not look any further for guidance than the vague and non-specific guide contained in the Quran. I believe that it is deliberately vague because it is meant to be flexible and suitable for all times and places. In fact I can honestly say that what you refer with such sinister intonations as "Islamic Law" - as far as I'm concerned amounts to little more than having strong personal faith and worship practices (ie the regular prayers, give charity, fasting etc), and being good and respectful to others. And if you believe this, then its very consistent with the idea of religion being a personal and spiritual thing, whereas earthly rules and laws in the community in which a muslim finds themselves living - is really a separate matter. Or in other words, my faith is a faith that is very much rooted in the idea of separation of "church" and state.
As for the muslims who believe we must look to the prophetic tradition to tell us how to live day to day life (I call it the "spoonfeeding doctrine"), my personal attitude to this is that its a copout, and moreover inconsistent with true Islam. The desire to be spoonfed how to do everything in your life can, in my opinion, only come from a weak mind who basically is too afraid, or simply can't be bothered thinking for themselves. Whereas if you actually read the Quran, it constantly tells muslims to use their intellect and work things out for themselves. And the history of the two ideas is worth understanding. Where the proponents of the so called 'rational' Islam (mutazilites and others) were strongest in the traditionally non-arab, non-tribal intellectual populations such as Iraq and Syria, whereas the 'traditionalist' approach was strongest amongst the tribalistic arab-bedouin - though it should be noted that the earliest arab muslims, those that were contemporaries of Muhammad that broke out from the peninsular, were very much on the 'rationalist' side. It was really only after the ahadith tradition took hold (many decades after the death of Muhammad), and especially with the rise of the Hanbali school, did the traditional approach took hold.