13. Statement to the Knesset by Prime Minister Ben-Gurion, 27 October 1961.
The Herut opposition party in the Knesset moved for a debate on the Arab refugees. In his reply, Prime Minister Ben-Gurion stated that there was only one practical and fair solution to the problem of the Arab refugees: to settle them among their own people. If the Arab riders entered into direct talks with Israel for a peace settlement, Israel would give all possible aid to this end. Text of the statement:
1. The Second World War resulted in a tremendous movement of refugees from one country to another, totalling almost 20 million souls: from India to Pakistan and from Pakistan to India; from East European countries to Germany and from Eastern Germany to Western Germany; from one East European country to another; and it would not occur to anyone to put back the clock and repatriate all the refugees to their pre-war homes.
2. Almost all the Arab refugees from Israel left the country before the establishment of the State, immediately after the publication of the UN resolution. After the establishment of the State, the number of refugees was very small.
3. Almost all the Arabs who lived in Israel on the day the State was established are here today, and they have been joined by some 30,000 refugees whose return was permitted by the Government of Israel for family or other reasons, and by the inhabitants of the "Triangle" area added as a result of the Armistice Agreement.
4. The departure from the country of the Arabs referred to as refugees began immediately after the UN Resolution, from the areas allocated to the Jewish State. We have clear documentary evidence of the fact that they left the country at the orders of the Arab leaders, headed by the Mufti, on the assumption that the invasion of the Arab armies after the departure of the Mandatory Government's forces would destroy the Jewish State, and throw all the Jews, alive or dead, into the sea.
5. Immediately after the establishment of the State, while the invasion of the Arab armies was still in progress, large-scale Jewish immigration began from the DP camps in Germany, from Cyprus and, especially, from the Arab countries: Iraq, Yemen, Egypt. Libya, Tunisia, Morocco, Syria and Lebanon.
6. The number of the Arabs who before the UN Resolution lived in the area allocated to the Jewish State by the UN, and who left it voluntarily or at the orders of their leaders, is not larger than the number of the Jewish refugees from the Arab countries, so that what has taken place is an unplanned, but de facto exchange of populations, and there is no practical possibility or moral justification for putting the clock back.
7. There are also Jewish refugees in the State of Israel from areas of Palestine which were settled by Jews before and during the Mandatory period: the Old City of Jerusalem, the Etzion bloc of settlements, Neveh Yaakov, Atarot and so forth.
8. In assessing the property of the Arabs who left Israel, it would be inconceivable not to take into account the property of the Jewish refugees from the Arab countries, and from Palestine itself.
9. If compensation is to be paid and we are not opposed to compensation if the question as a whole is solved the Jewish refugees are just as entitled to compensation as the Arab refugees.
10. If an Arab refugee problem still exists, this is entirely a result of the violation of the UN Charter by the Arab rulers and their callous treatment of members of their own people. Israel did not wait until the Arab rulers should return the property of the Jewish refugees, but, regarding them as human beings and brothers, saw to their absorption, housing, employment, health and the education of their children. The Arab rulers treated the Arab refugees not as human beings and members of their own people, but as a weapon with which to strike at Israel. Some of the neighbouring Arab countries are under-populated, and they have plentiful resources of fertile soil and water as well as a shortage of manpower, but for the purpose of destroying Israel with the aid of the refugees as well they are behaving callously to their own people and treating them as nothing more than a political and military weapon with which to undermine and destroy Israel.
11. Israel categorically rejects the insidious proposal for freedom of choice for the refugees, for she is convinced that this proposal is designed and calculated only to destroy Israel. There is only one practical and fair solution for the problem of the refugees: to settle them among their own people in countries having plenty of good land and water and which are in need of additional manpower.
12. If the Arab rulers comply with the Assembly decision and the principles of the UN Charter and enter into direct talks with Israel for a peace settlement, Israel will give all possible assistance towards the settlement of the refugees among their own people, utilizing her own great experience in the settlement of refugees under conditions much more difficult than those prevalent in neighbouring countries.
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