The Effects of Military Spending on Economic Growth
This analysis summarizes and reflects on the following research: d’Agostino, G., Dunne, J. P., & Pieroni, L. (2017). Does military spending matter for long-run growth?. Defence and Peace Economics, 1-8.

Talking Points

Increased military spending leads to slower economic growth.
Military spending tends to have a negative impact on economic growth.
Over a 20-year period, a 1% increase in military spending will decrease a country’s economic growth by 9%.
Increased military spending is especially detrimental to the economic growth of wealthier countries.
Summary

The debate over how military spending impacts a country’s economy has been fiercely argued, and the results of studies trying to understand this relationship have been mixed. Early researchers ran into trouble due to inadequate time frame or country data. Others have studied only certain types of countries or periods in time, leading to results that could arguably be caused by other social, political, or economic factors. Past research, for example, was highly influenced by military spending data in the Cold War era. After the Cold War, the reduced military spending was matched with an era of strong economic growth, which provided for a very different economic environment than what was seen during periods of high military spending during the Cold War era. To overcome past limitations, this study analyzes military spending by a large and diverse group of countries over the span of 45 years, with special attention to global events that may otherwise influence major economies.

In this study, the authors consider two main questions: (1) is long-run economic growth affected by military spending; and (2) do other types of government spending have any significant impact on economic growth? The second question is asked to identify if military spending specifically affects economic growth, or if government spending in general affects growth. To further narrow the scope of their research, the authors also break the countries down into different income levels to see if the economic growth/military spending relationship affects wealthy countries differently than less wealthy countries.

To build their study, the authors use military spending information from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) dataset. The data includes government spending on current military forces and activities including salaries, benefits, operational expenses, arms and equipment purchases, military construction, research and development, central administration, and command and support. The SIPRI dataset covers 170 countries and extends back to 1949 for most countries (1957 for some). Available data from the World Penn Table dataset restricts the authors’ starting year to 1970, but provides country-specific per capita gross domestic product (GDP), private investment, employment growth, and current GDP. This allows the authors to accurately compare a country’s military spending to its economic growth.

Their results show that increased military spending has consistently negative impacts on a country’s economic growth. This even is the case when analyzing different time periods and countries with varying GDPs, as well as when comparing military spending to other forms of government spending. When analyzing all countries together, the findings show that over a 20-year period, a 1% increase in military spending decreases economic growth by 9%. The negative economic impact is especially apparent for most countries in the “Global North,” as seen in the authors’ observation of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member states. Although there was also a negative economic impact to military spending in non-OECD countries, the negative economic impact in OECD countries was much more pronounced.

Contemporary Relevance

There is a popular assumption that war, or even increased military spending, will boost a nation’s economy. True, when a nation goes to war the surge of government investment into war-related industries can lead to short-term economic gains. However, these gains are short-lived, affect only certain, usually isolated, industries (“conflict industry”, “war profiteers”), and are no consolation for the long-term economic cost of war.

A study of six major U.S. wars (World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Cold War, and the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq) finds the costs of war to negatively affect the national economy, taxes, debt, jobs, investment, and inflation.[1] Key findings of the report show that in most wars public debt, inflation, and tax rates increase, consumption and investment decrease, and military spending displaces more productive government investment in high-tech industries, education, or infrastructure ...

It is intuitive and self-evident that money spent on death, destruction, munitions, and war machines detracts from the economy and society.

The money is subtracted from the economy and from society and nothing is returned.

Laugh till you cry wrote on Jul 4^th, 2024 at 12:37pm:



Hamas spending on rockets and tunnels and suicide bombers is a case in point.

Military spending degrades economy and society

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi_invasion_of_Iran
laughing crying

Gnads wrote on Jul 4^th, 2024 at 1:03pm:


Gnads is so hateful, hostile, disgruntled, and dissatisfied it will be a pleasure to see him pacified by Islam when it overwhelms him and converts him to love and peace.

Gnads is so infuriated by hate he is unsure of who he hates and lashes out blindly.